> **PROTOTYPE:** a suggestion, not an official CIAAW or IUPAC page. Official values are at [ciaaw.org](https://ciaaw.org).

# nickel

| Property | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Symbol | Ni |
| Atomic number | 28 |
| IRI | `https://hendrikborgelt.github.io/Draft_for_IUPAC_CIAAW-Isotopic-Abundances-and-Atomic-Weights/elements/Nickel` |
| Wikidata | [Q744](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744) |

## Standard atomic weight

| Value | Year | Source | Status | Declaration |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 58.6934(4) | 2007 | [10.1351/PAC-REP-09-08-03](https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-09-08-03) | Current | [`AW-Ni-standard`](../id/AW-Ni-standard.md) |
| 58.6934(2) | 1989 | [10.1351/pac199163070975](https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163070975) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard`](../id/AW-Ni-standard.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1989`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1989.md) |
| 58.69(1) | 1979 | [10.1351/pac198052102349](https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198052102349) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard-1989`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1989.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1979`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1979.md) |
| 58.70(1) | 1973 | [10.1351/pac197437040589](https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197437040589) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard-1979`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1979.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1973`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1973.md) |
| 58.71(3) | 1969 | [10.1351/pac197021010091](https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197021010091) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard-1973`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1973.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1969`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1969.md) |
| 58.71 | 1955 | [10.1021/ja01595a001](https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01595a001) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard-1969`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1969.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1955`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1955.md) |
| 58.69 | 1925 | [10.1039/CT9252700913](https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9252700913) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard-1955`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1955.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1925`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1925.md) |
| 58.68 | 1909 | [10.1021/ja01931a001](https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01931a001) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard-1925`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1925.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1909`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1909.md) |
| 58.7 | 1902 | [10.1007/BF01370337](https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01370337) | Deprecated, see [`AW-Ni-standard-1909`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1909.md) | [`AW-Ni-standard-1902`](../id/AW-Ni-standard-1902.md) |

Notes: [r](#note-r)

## Isotopes

| A | Representative isotopic composition | Year | Source | Declaration | ChEBI | Wikidata |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [58](../id/Ni-58.md) | 0.680 769(190) | — | — | [`Abundance-Ni58`](../id/Abundance-Ni58.md) | — | [Q2424204](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2424204) |
| [60](../id/Ni-60.md) | 0.262 231(150) | — | — | [`Abundance-Ni60`](../id/Abundance-Ni60.md) | — | [Q2103496](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2103496) |
| [61](../id/Ni-61.md) | 0.011 399(13) | — | — | [`Abundance-Ni61`](../id/Abundance-Ni61.md) | — | [Q2468639](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2468639) |
| [62](../id/Ni-62.md) | 0.036 345(40) | — | — | [`Abundance-Ni62`](../id/Abundance-Ni62.md) | — | [Q284149](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284149) |
| [64](../id/Ni-64.md) | 0.009 256(19) | — | — | [`Abundance-Ni64`](../id/Abundance-Ni64.md) | — | [Q5459468](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5459468) |

Notes: [r](#note-r)

## Notes

<a id="note-r"></a>**r** Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise standard atomic weight being given; the tabulated value and uncertainty should be applicable to normal material.

## Bibliography

<div class="csl-bib-body">
<div class="csl-entry">Aston, F. W., Baxter, G. P., Brauner, B., Debierne, A., Leduc, A., Richards, T. W., Soddy, F., &#38; Urbain, G. (1925). Second Report of the International Committee of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry on the chemical elements. International atomic weights, 1925. <i>Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions</i>, <i>127</i>, 913. https://doi.org/10.1039/ct9252700913 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9252700913">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1039/CT9252700913">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Atomic weights of the elements 1969. (1970). <i>Pure and Applied Chemistry</i>, <i>21</i>(1), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197021010091 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197021010091">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1351/pac197021010091">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Atomic Weights of the Elements 1973. (1974). <i>Pure and Applied Chemistry</i>, <i>37</i>(4), 589–603. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197437040589 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197437040589">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1351/pac197437040589">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Atomic Weights of the Elements 1979. (1980). <i>Pure and Applied Chemistry</i>, <i>52</i>(10), 2349–2384. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198052102349 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198052102349">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1351/pac198052102349">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Atomic weights of the elements 1989. (1991). <i>Pure and Applied Chemistry</i>, <i>63</i>(7), 975–990. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163070975 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163070975">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1351/pac199163070975">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Clarke, F. W., Ostwald, W., Thorpe, T. E., &#38; Urbain, G. (1909). REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON ATOMIC WEIGHTS. 1909. <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>, <i>31</i>(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01931a001 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01931a001">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1021/ja01931a001">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Richards, Baxter, Hinrichsen, Köthner, P., &#38; Pellini, S. (1902). Zur Festsetzung der Atomgewichte. <i>Fresenius’ Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie</i>, <i>41</i>(2), 139–140. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01370337 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01370337">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1007/BF01370337">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Wichers, E. (1956). Report on Atomic Weights for 1954-55. <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>, <i>78</i>(14), 3235–3240. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01595a001 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01595a001">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1021/ja01595a001">Scholia</a></div>
<div class="csl-entry">Wieser, M. E., &#38; Berglund, M. (2009). Atomic weights of the elements 2007 (IUPAC Technical Report). <i>Pure and Applied Chemistry</i>, <i>81</i>(11), 2131–2156. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac-rep-09-08-03 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-09-08-03">CrossRef</a> <a href="https://qlever.scholia.wiki/doi/10.1351/PAC-REP-09-08-03">Scholia</a></div>
</div>

## Turtle

This resource as a file: [Nickel.ttl](Nickel.ttl)

```turtle
# Prototype: a suggestion, not an official CIAAW or IUPAC record. Official values are at https://ciaaw.org

@prefix adms: <http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#> .
@prefix chemrof: <https://w3id.org/chemrof/> .
@prefix ciaaw: <https://hendrikborgelt.github.io/Draft_for_IUPAC_CIAAW-Isotopic-Abundances-and-Atomic-Weights/ciaaw-draft#> .
@prefix ciaaw_draft: <https://hendrikborgelt.github.io/Draft_for_IUPAC_CIAAW-Isotopic-Abundances-and-Atomic-Weights/id/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix element: <https://hendrikborgelt.github.io/Draft_for_IUPAC_CIAAW-Isotopic-Abundances-and-Atomic-Weights/elements/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix unit: <http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

ciaaw:note-r a ciaaw:Footnote ;
    skos:definition "Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise standard atomic weight being given; the tabulated value and uncertainty should be applicable to normal material."@en ;
    skos:notation "r" .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1902 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1909 ;
    dcterms:issued "1902"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01370337> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.7 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:issued "2007"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1989 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-09-08-03> ;
    ciaaw:footnote ciaaw:note-r ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.6934 ;
            qudt:standardUncertainty 0.0004 ;
            ciaaw:significantFigures 6 ;
            ciaaw:significantFiguresUncertainty 1 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1909 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1925 ;
    dcterms:issued "1909"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1902 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01931a001> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.68 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1925 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1955 ;
    dcterms:issued "1925"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1909 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1039/CT9252700913> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.69 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1955 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1969 ;
    dcterms:issued "1955"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1925 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01595a001> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.71 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1969 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1973 ;
    dcterms:issued "1969"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1955 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197021010091> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.71 ;
            qudt:standardUncertainty 0.03 ;
            ciaaw:significantFigures 4 ;
            ciaaw:significantFiguresUncertainty 1 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1973 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1979 ;
    dcterms:issued "1973"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1969 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197437040589> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.70 ;
            qudt:standardUncertainty 0.01 ;
            ciaaw:significantFigures 4 ;
            ciaaw:significantFiguresUncertainty 1 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1979 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1989 ;
    dcterms:issued "1979"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1973 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198052102349> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.69 ;
            qudt:standardUncertainty 0.01 ;
            ciaaw:significantFigures 4 ;
            ciaaw:significantFiguresUncertainty 1 ] .

ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1989 a ciaaw:StandardAtomicWeightDeclaration ;
    dcterms:isReplacedBy ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard ;
    dcterms:issued "1989"^^xsd:gYear ;
    dcterms:replaces ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1979 ;
    dcterms:source <https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163070975> ;
    owl:deprecated true ;
    adms:status <http://purl.org/adms/status/Deprecated> ;
    ciaaw:ofElement element:Nickel ;
    ciaaw:value [ a qudt:QuantityValue ;
            qudt:hasUnit unit:UNITLESS ;
            qudt:numericValue 58.6934 ;
            qudt:standardUncertainty 0.0002 ;
            ciaaw:significantFigures 6 ;
            ciaaw:significantFiguresUncertainty 1 ] .

element:Nickel a chemrof:ChemicalElement ;
    rdfs:label "nickel"@en ;
    ciaaw:currentStandardAtomicWeight ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard ;
    ciaaw:hasDeclaration ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1902,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1909,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1925,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1955,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1969,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1973,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1979,
        ciaaw_draft:AW-Ni-standard-1989 ;
    ciaaw:hasIsotope ciaaw_draft:Ni-58,
        ciaaw_draft:Ni-60,
        ciaaw_draft:Ni-61,
        ciaaw_draft:Ni-62,
        ciaaw_draft:Ni-64 ;
    ciaaw:standardAtomicWeightUncertainty 0.0004 ;
    ciaaw:standardAtomicWeightValue 58.6934 ;
    chemrof:atomic_number 28 ;
    chemrof:symbol "Ni" .
```

[All atomic weights](../atomic-weights.md) · [All isotopic abundances](../isotopic-abundances.md)